Iron Concentration in the Anterior Pituitary causes Hormone Production

Thalassemia major is a genetic haemoglobin production condition that necessitates frequent blood transfusions. In these patients, a combination of chelation therapy and blood transfusion has significantly increased their life expectancy. Repeated blood transfusions, on the other hand, cause iron accumulation in various organs, including the liver, heart, and endocrine glands, resulting in a high incidence of endocrine dysfunctions in children, teenagers, and young adults. Iron homeostasis is mostly maintained by iron absorption rather than excretion in healthy people. Thalassemia patients who receive a blood transfusion (typically 1 mg of iron per 1 mL of blood) would undoubtedly have considerable iron overload due to a lack of appropriate excretory mechanisms. Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron (NTBI) is detected in excess in the blood of thalassemia individuals as a result of iron overload.