About Pathophysiology of Renal Diseases

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of CKD due to the deleterious effects that increased BP has on kidney vasculature. Long-term, uncontrolled, high BP leads to high intraglomerular pressure, impairing glomerular filtration. Decreased renal function interferes with the kidneys’ ability to maintain fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The ability to concentrate urine declines early and is followed by decreases in ability to excrete phosphate, acid, and potassium.